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Stomach (Gastric) Cancer
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- Stomach (Gastric) Cancer
Stomach (Gastric) Cancer
- Home
- Gastro-intestinal Cancers
- Stomach (Gastric) Cancer
Expert Surgical Care for Cancers
Most common gastrointestinal cancer in south india. Male patients are more affected.
Symptoms can vary depending on the type of gynae cancer but may include:
- Abnormal vaginal bleeding or discharge
- Pelvic or abdominal pain
- Pain during intercourse
- Bloating or feeling full quickly
- Frequent or urgent urination
- Lump or swelling in the pelvic area
Gynae cancers are staged based on the size of the tumor, depth of invasion, and spread to nearby tissues or distant organs:
Stage I:
Localized to the origin organ
Stage II:
Spread to nearby reproductive structures
Stage III:
Spread to pelvic or abdominal lymph nodes
Stage IV:
Distant metastasis to organs like the liver or lungs
- Family history of gynae cancers
- HPV infection (especially for cervical cancer)
- Early menstruation or late menopause
- Obesity and sedentary lifestyle
- Use of hormone replacement therapy
- Smoking and poor diet
- Cervical Cancer
- Ovarian Cancer
- Uterine (Endometrial) Cancer
- Vaginal Cancer
- Vulvar Cancer
- Gestational Trophoblastic Disease
- Smoking
- H.pylori infection
- Prior gastric surgery
- Low dietary vitamin
- Anaemis due to vitamin B 12 deficiency
- Precursor lesions in stomach
- Vague heaviness after meals is the earliest symptomv
- Weight loss is most common symptom and represent advanced disease
- Blood vomiting
- Fluid collection in abdomen(Ascites), jaundice are other advanced disease features
- Very early stage – Cancer involves very superificial layers of stomach and no lymph node spread
- Early stage – cancer involves more deep layers with minimal or no lymph node spread
- Advanced stage – cancer involves all layers of stomach or invading near by organs with advanced disease in lymph nodes
- Very advanced stage – disease has spread to inner lining of abdomen (peritoneum), liver, lung,bones
Evaluation
- Serum CEA levels
- Endoscopy – will exactly tell disease extent and also biopsy of lesion can be done.
- CT scan of lungs, abdomen and pelvis
- Laproscopy to rule peritoneal disease
- Whole body PET CT scan can also be done
Stage of Disease
- Very early stage – Cancer involves very superificial layers of stomach and no lymph node spread
- Early stage – cancer involves more deep layers with minimal or no lymph node spread
- Advanced stage – cancer involves all layers of stomach or invading near by organs with advanced disease in lymph nodes
- Very advanced stage – disease has spread to inner lining of abdomen (peritoneum), liver, lung,bones
Treatment
- Very early stages – If feasible, endoscopic resection of cancer can be done.
- Early stages – Depending on the site of cancer a partial or total removal of stomach along with all lymph nodes are done.
- Advanced stages – First chemotherapy is given to shrink the disease(neoadjuvant), then surgery is planned.
- Very advanced stages – Only chemotherapy is given. Surgery is done to relieve problems like continuous bleeding or continuous vomiting due to obstructive cancerous growth.
Surgeries are performed by using open, laparoscopy and robotic techniques.
Chemotherapy
Except in very early stages stages, patients gets chemotherapy in all stages of stomach cancer.
Radiotherapy
Radiation is given in only select cases.